International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. CXVII: Taste 2 receptors: Structures, functions, activators and blockers

药理学 品味 受体 化学 欧洲联盟 临床药理学 医学 生物化学 业务 经济政策
作者
Maik Behrens
出处
期刊:Pharmacological Reviews [American Society for Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics]
卷期号:: PHARMREV-001140 被引量:1
标识
DOI:10.1124/pharmrev.123.001140
摘要

Bitter perception plays a critical role for the detection of potentially harmful substances in food items for most vertebrates. The detection of bitter compounds is facilitated by specialized receptors located in taste buds of the oral cavity. This work focuses on the receptors, including their sensitivities, structure-function relationships, agonists and antagonists. Moreover, the existence of numerous bitter taste receptor variants in the human population and the fact that several of them affect individual bitter tasting profoundly, is discussed as well. The identification of bitter taste receptors in numerous tissues outside the oral cavity and their multiple proposed roles in these tissues is also described briefly. Although this work is mainly focused on human bitter taste receptors, it is imperative to compare human bitter taste with that of other animals to understand which evolutionary forces might have shaped bitter taste receptors and their functions and to distinguish apparent typical human from rather general features. For the readers who are not too familiar with the gustatory system short descriptions of taste anatomy, signal transduction and oral bitter taste receptor expression are included in the beginning of this article.
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