Indirubin induces tolerogenic dendritic cells via aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation and ameliorates allergic asthma in a murine model by expanding Foxp3-expressing regulatory T cells

Allergic asthma is a chronic bronchial inflammatory disease closely associated with abnormal immune responses of dendritic cells (DCs) and allergen-specific type 2 T helper (Th2) cells. Indirubin (IR), a natural aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) ligand, exerts anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties.