体细胞核移植
生物
体细胞
重编程
胎盘形成
表观遗传学
细胞质
克隆(编程)
胎盘
病理
遗传学
胎儿
男科
怀孕
胚胎
基因
医学
胚胎发生
胚泡
计算机科学
程序设计语言
作者
Chiara Palmieri,Pasqualino Loi,Grazyna Ptak,Leonardo Della Salda
摘要
Cloning of cattle, sheep, and mice by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) can result in apparently healthy offspring, but the probability of a successful and complete pregnancy is less than 5%. Failures of SCNT pregnancy are associated with placental abnormalities, such as placentomegaly, reduced vascularisation, hypoplasia of trophoblastic epithelium, and altered basement membrane. The pathogenesis of these changes is poorly understood, but current evidence implicates aberrant reprogramming of donor nuclei by the recipient oocyte cytoplast, resulting in epigenetic modifications of key regulatory genes essential for normal placental development. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the anatomic pathology of abnormal placentae of SCNT clones and to summarize current knowledge concerning underlying pathogenetic mechanisms.
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