Ethylene Glycol Poisoning. The Value of Glycolic Acid Determinations for Diagnosis and Treatment

Glycolic acid is the ethylene glycol (EG) metabolite that accumulates in the highest concentrations in the blood and may be the major contributing factor to the acute toxicity of EG. Serum and urine levels of glycolic acid have been found to correlate directly with clinical symptoms and mortality in poisoning cases, making it a valuable diagnostic tool. A high pressure liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for quantitation of glycolic acid in serum was used in several cases of EG ingestion presented to the Louisiana Regional Poison Control Center. The data collected in this study support the value of glycolic acid determination for diagnosis and evaluation of patients poisoned by EG.