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Importance of SE-glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and CU/ZN-SOD for cell survival against oxidative stress

抗氧化剂 超氧化物歧化酶 过氧化氢酶 谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 氧化应激 化学 生物化学 过氧化物酶 活性氧 谷胱甘肽 激进的
作者
Carine Michiels,Martine Raes,Olivier Toussaint,José Remacle
出处
期刊:Free Radical Biology and Medicine [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:17 (3): 235-248 被引量:1184
标识
DOI:10.1016/0891-5849(94)90079-5
摘要

Eukaryotic cells have to constantly cope with highly reactive oxygen-derived free radicals. Their defense against these free radicals is achieved by natural antioxidant molecules but also by antioxidant enzymes. In this paper, we review some of the data comparing the efficiency of three different antioxidant enzymes: Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD), catalase, and selenium-glutathione peroxidase. We perform our comparison on one experimental model (human fibroblasts) where the activities of these three antioxidant enzymes have been modulated inside the cells, and the repercussion of these changes was investigated in different conditions. We also focus our attention on the protecting role of selenium-glutathione peroxidase, because this enzyme is very rarely studied due to the difficulties linked to its biochemical properties. These studies evidenced that all three antioxidant enzymes give protection for the cells. They show a high efficiency for selenium-glutathione peroxidase and emphasize the fact that each enzyme has a specific as well as an irreplaceable function. They are all necessary for the survival of the cell even in normal conditions. In addition, these three enzymes act in a cooperative or synergistic way to ensure a global cell protection. However, optimal protection is achieved only when an appropriate balance between the activities of these enzymes is maintained. Interpretation of the deleterious effects of free radicals has to be analyzed not only as a function of the amount of free radicals produced but also relative to the efficiency and to the activities of these enzymatic and chemical antioxidant systems. The threshold of protection can indeed vary dramatically as a function of the level of activity of these enzymes.
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