Association of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association Score With the Oswestry Disability Index, Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire, and Short-Form 36

The Japanese versions of the ODI and the RMDQ were reliable and valid. The use of these translated instruments can be recommended for future clinical trials in Japan. The results also showed the JOA score had acceptable psychometric properties of reliability and construct validity, suggesting that this score is reliable and valid. Further studies are needed to verify the validity and responsiveness of the JOA score.