驯化
肠道菌群
纤维素
基因组
微生物群
适应(眼睛)
生物
消化(炼金术)
动物
生态学
基因
遗传学
化学
生物化学
色谱法
神经科学
作者
Sarah Moraïs,Sarah Winkler,Alvah Zorea,Liron Levin,Falk S. P. Nagies,Nils Kapust,Eva Lamed,Avital Artan-Furman,David N. Bolam,Madhav P. Yadav,Edward A. Bayer,William Martin,Itzhak Mizrahi
出处
期刊:Science
[American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)]
日期:2024-03-14
卷期号:383 (6688)
被引量:18
标识
DOI:10.1126/science.adj9223
摘要
Humans, like all mammals, depend on the gut microbiome for digestion of cellulose, the main component of plant fiber. However, evidence for cellulose fermentation in the human gut is scarce. We have identified ruminococcal species in the gut microbiota of human populations that assemble functional multienzymatic cellulosome structures capable of degrading plant cell wall polysaccharides. One of these species, which is strongly associated with humans, likely originated in the ruminant gut and was subsequently transferred to the human gut, potentially during domestication where it underwent diversification and diet-related adaptation through the acquisition of genes from other gut microbes. Collectively, these species are abundant and widespread among ancient humans, hunter-gatherers, and rural populations but are rare in populations from industrialized societies thus indicating potential disappearance in response to the westernized lifestyle.
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