Characteristics and atmospheric processes of water-soluble ions in PM2.5 and PM10 over an industrial city in the National Capital Region (NCR) of India

质量浓度(化学) 气溶胶 环境化学 环境科学 工业城市 首都 气团(太阳能) 无机离子 化学 大气科学 水文学(农业) 离子 地理 地质学 工业区 物理化学 有机化学 岩土工程 物理 水资源管理 边界层 热力学 经济地理学
作者
Lovleen Gupta,Swati Joshi,Gazala Habib,Ramya Sunder Raman
出处
期刊:Atmospheric Environment [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:312: 120020-120020 被引量:4
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2023.120020
摘要

This study investigates water-soluble inorganic ions (WSIIs), their potential formation mechanism, particle bound water content and acidity (pH) in ambient aerosols in Ghaziabad, an industrial city located downwind of Delhi, the Indian National Capital. 24-hour integrated PM2.5 and PM10 samples were collected using collocated samplers at two receptor locations every third day throughout the year. The samples were collected on Nylon filter substrates (preceded by a denuder upstream for capturing acidic gases) and Teflon filter substrates for WSII and mass measurements, respectively. Further, on-site meteorological parameters were recorded at both locations. The annual average PM concentrations observed were: PM2.5: 144 ± 81 μgm−3 (Site A), 163 ± 95 μgm−3 (Site B); and PM10: 245 ± 116 μgm−3 (Site A), 279 ± 152 μgm−3 (Site B). On average, SO42−, NO3−, Cl− and NH4+ contributed to ∼90% to PM2.5WSII mass and ∼82% to PM10WSII mass, which in turn made up ∼35% of PM2.5 mass and ∼23% of the PM10 mass across both sites. SO42− concentration was found to be highest followed by NO3−, NH4+ and Cl− for both PM fractions. Mann-Whitney U test revealed that both sites were similar with respect to WSII mass indicating city's airshed average concentration with respect to the major ions. The highest WSII contribution to the total PM was found in winter season (37–40% for PM2.5 and 27–31% for PM10) followed by monsoon (36–38% for PM2.5 and 18–21% for PM10), post-monsoon (28–34% for PM2.5 and 21–23% for PM10) and pre-monsoon (21–27% for PM2.5 and 15% for PM10). High contribution during winter was because of higher emissions of precursor gases in combination with moderate relative humidity (36–59%) and minimal precipitation (average ∼0.2 mm). Sulphur Oxidation Ratio and Nitrogen Oxidation Ratio indicated high photochemical oxidation with a greater extent of SO42− formation compared to NO3−. Although high concentrations of NH3 gas were observed, there was insufficient NH4+ ions for neutralizing counter ions with Ammonium Neutralization Ratio values of 0.76±0.14 for PM2.5 and 0.62±0.14 for PM10. Finally, aerosol liquid water content (ALWC) and acidity were estimated using a thermodynamic equilibrium model, ISORROPIA-II. It was found that PM2.5 pH varied from 2.9 to 6.2 (avg. 4.4±0.8) and the PM2.5 mass doubled at RH ∼90% because of the high particle bound water. Consequently, a reduction in SO2 would result in instantaneous cuts of SO42−, PM2.5, and ALWC.
最长约 10秒,即可获得该文献文件

科研通智能强力驱动
Strongly Powered by AbleSci AI
更新
PDF的下载单位、IP信息已删除 (2025-6-4)

科研通是完全免费的文献互助平台,具备全网最快的应助速度,最高的求助完成率。 对每一个文献求助,科研通都将尽心尽力,给求助人一个满意的交代。
实时播报
enen发布了新的文献求助10
刚刚
诚心的小土豆应助nssm采纳,获得10
1秒前
无昵称发布了新的文献求助10
1秒前
酷波er应助李洪晔采纳,获得10
2秒前
2秒前
2秒前
2秒前
陈隆完成签到,获得积分10
2秒前
2秒前
2秒前
ww发布了新的文献求助10
2秒前
2秒前
欣慰猕猴桃完成签到,获得积分10
2秒前
青山完成签到,获得积分10
3秒前
乐正熠彤完成签到,获得积分10
3秒前
包容的水壶完成签到,获得积分10
4秒前
木火完成签到,获得积分10
4秒前
TT完成签到,获得积分10
4秒前
4秒前
roselin26完成签到,获得积分10
5秒前
5秒前
5秒前
千寻完成签到 ,获得积分10
5秒前
能干绿柳完成签到,获得积分10
5秒前
ning发布了新的文献求助10
5秒前
汪洋发布了新的文献求助10
6秒前
control完成签到,获得积分10
7秒前
Grape完成签到,获得积分10
7秒前
哈尼发布了新的文献求助30
7秒前
7秒前
11关注了科研通微信公众号
7秒前
栗栗子发布了新的文献求助10
8秒前
JamesPei应助狂野世界采纳,获得10
8秒前
超帅连虎完成签到,获得积分10
8秒前
8秒前
enen完成签到,获得积分10
9秒前
kgrvlm完成签到 ,获得积分10
9秒前
调皮初夏发布了新的文献求助10
9秒前
量子星尘发布了新的文献求助10
10秒前
科研通AI5应助筑城院采纳,获得10
10秒前
高分求助中
A new approach to the extrapolation of accelerated life test data 1000
Cognitive Neuroscience: The Biology of the Mind 1000
Technical Brochure TB 814: LPIT applications in HV gas insulated switchgear 1000
ACSM’s Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription, 12th edition 500
Nucleophilic substitution in azasydnone-modified dinitroanisoles 500
不知道标题是什么 500
A Preliminary Study on Correlation Between Independent Components of Facial Thermal Images and Subjective Assessment of Chronic Stress 500
热门求助领域 (近24小时)
化学 材料科学 医学 生物 工程类 有机化学 生物化学 物理 内科学 纳米技术 计算机科学 化学工程 复合材料 遗传学 基因 物理化学 催化作用 冶金 细胞生物学 免疫学
热门帖子
关注 科研通微信公众号,转发送积分 3968964
求助须知:如何正确求助?哪些是违规求助? 3513877
关于积分的说明 11170569
捐赠科研通 3249201
什么是DOI,文献DOI怎么找? 1794692
邀请新用户注册赠送积分活动 875297
科研通“疑难数据库(出版商)”最低求助积分说明 804755