[Study on the occupational exposure limit of glyphosate in the air of workplace].

Objective: To establish occupational exposure limits for glyphosate in workplace air. Methods: In November 2014, by searching the documents of the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) on glyphosate toxicity, the toxicity data and clinical symptoms of glyphosate toxicity were collected through various literature databases, and the target organs of glyphosate toxicity were determined. A total of 5 representative production enterprises in Jiangsu Province and Shandong Province were selected for field investigation. A total of 968 people were selected as the study subjects, including 526 workers exposed to glyphosate as the contact group, and 442 off-site (such as financial, administrative, etc.) workers with enterprises as the control group. Health examination was carried out in the exposure group and the control group to observe the damage of target organs of workers with different exposure concentrations and determine the occupational exposure limit. Results: The main target organs of glyphosate are liver and kidney and its effect on cholinesterase activity. The time-weighted average concentration (TWA) of glyphosate exposure in the exposure group was <0.03~48.91 mg/m(3), and there were statistically significant differences in liver and renal function between the exposure group and the control group (P<0.05). When the concentration of glyphosate in the air was higher than 5 mg/m3, there was a statistically significant difference in the abnormal rate of renal function between the exposure group and the control group (P<0.05) . Conclusion: The study sets the occupational exposure limit of glyphosate as 5 mg/m(3). The safety of this standard conforms to the relevant requirements of toxicology and occupational disease epidemiology, and also conforms to the existing economic and technological level in my country, and is highly feasible.目的： 建立工作场所空气中草甘膦的职业接触限值。 方法： 于2014年10至11月，通过美国环境保护署（EPA）网站查找关于草甘膦毒性的文件，通过文献数据库收集草甘膦的毒性资料及中毒临床症状，确定草甘膦毒作用的靶器官。在江苏省和山东省共选择5家有代表性的生产企业进行现场调查，共选择968人作为研究对象，其中以接触草甘膦的526名工人作为接触组，同企业的非现场（如财务、行政等）作业人员442人作为对照组。对接触组和对照组人群进行健康检查，观察不同接触浓度工人的靶器官损伤情况，确定职业接触限值。 结果： 草甘膦主要靶器官为肝脏、肾脏以及对胆碱酯酶活性的影响。接触组工人接触草甘膦的时间加权平均浓度（TWA）为<0.03~48.91 mg/m(3)，接触组和对照组肝、肾功能差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。当空气中草甘膦浓度高于5 mg/m(3)时，接触组与对照组肾功能异常率差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论： 草甘膦职业接触限值设定为5 mg/m(3)，该标准安全性符合毒理学及职业病流行病学的相关要求，同时也符合我国现有的经济技术水平，可行性较强。.