Prevalence, pattern, and correlates of dyslipidemia in Bangladeshi individuals

Background: The burden of dyslipidemia in Bangladesh remains inadequately characterized.Objectives: To determine and describe the prevalence and pattern of dyslipidemia and its associated risk factors among an adult Bangladeshi population.Design: Population-based, cross-sectional study. Participants were adults living in all eight administrative divisions of Bangladesh. The total sample size was 7084 (53.1% women, 46.9% urban residents). Primary outcome measures were triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and the use of lipid lowering medication. In addition, control of LDL-C and control of non high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) were investigated.Results: The overall dyslipidemia prevalence was 76.7%, with 35.7% showing a high TG level, 18.5% showing a high LDL-C level, 63.8% showing a low HDL-C level, and 7.2% of the participants showing all three lipid abnormalities. Sylhet division had the highest prevalence (83.8%) of overall dyslipidemia, while Rangpur had the lowest prevalence (69.3%). The control of LDL-C (<50mg/dL) and non-HDL-C (<80mg/dl) among adults with a previous history of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD) were 5.1% and 6.9% respectively. The regression models showed that male sex and age 45-59 years were significant predictors of overall dyslipidemia. Both smokers and smokeless tobacco users were significant factors for overall dyslipidemia and high TG. A high waist-hip ratio was associated with overall dyslipidemia and all other subtypes of dyslipidemia.Conclusion: The high prevalence of dyslipidemia in Bangladesh necessitates lifestyle interventions to prevent and control this cardiovascular risk factor.