Luminous lanthanide diketonates: Review on synthesis and optoelectronic characterizations

Lanthanide metal complexes with light-harvesting organic chromophoric moieties have gained extensive interest in the past decade owing to their outstanding performance in a variety of technological sectors. Organic compounds for sensitizing the luminescence in lanthanides are being studied to promote the production of new lanthanide compounds. Lanthanide complexes are good materials for solid state lighting and electroluminescent displays because of their well emission characteristics, fine color range, and large quantum efficiency. These ternary complexes are widely employed in the production of optoelectronic devices. This review comprises the various methods to synthesize lanthanides (Eu(III), Sm(III) and Tb(III)) β-diketonate complexes with 2,2′-bipyridine {bpy} and 1,10-phenanthroline {phen}, as well as their derivatives. Eu(III) complexes emit red, Sm(III) complexes emit orange while Tb(III) complexes emit green color. The characterization of these complexes is done by different techniques i.e. elemental analysis, infra-red (IR) spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, ultraviolet spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric, and electrochemical analyses.