电阻率和电导率
材料科学
极限抗拉强度
合金
散射
电阻式触摸屏
退火(玻璃)
大气温度范围
延展性(地球科学)
声子
凝聚态物理
导电体
复合材料
计算机科学
电气工程
光学
热力学
蠕动
物理
计算机视觉
工程类
作者
Shuya Zhu,Dingshun Yan,Yong Zhang,Liuliu Han,Dierk Raabe,Zhiming Li
标识
DOI:10.1038/s41467-024-51572-7
摘要
Materials with well-defined electrical resistivity that does not change with temperature or time are important in robotics, communication and automation. However, the challenge of designing such materials has remained elusive due to the temperature-dependent electron-phonon scattering. Moreover, resistive electrical conductors used in flexible and mobile systems under high mechanical loads must possess both high strength and ductility. Achieving such multi-properties presents a fundamental challenge. Here, we solve this problem by combining multicomponent alloy design with atomic-scale chemistry tuning. We term the resultant material 'Resinvar' alloy, due to its invariable resistivity (148 μΩ·cm) over wide temperature ranges from room temperature to 723 K. The alloy also has high tensile strength (948 MPa) at large tensile elongation (53%). The distorted lattice, chemical short-range order and ordered coherent nanoprecipitates in the material enable the invariant resistivity via promoting temperature-independent inelastic electron scattering, and contribute to the excellent strength-ductility synergy by manipulating dislocation slip. Designing materials with temperature-independent electrical resistivity is difficult due to temperature-dependent electron-phonon scattering. Here, the authors achieve this in a strong and ductile alloy by tuning atomic-scale chemistry and structure.
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