Current Technology for Production, Isolation, and Quality Control of Extracellular Vesicles

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a family of cell-derived membrane vesicles that are present in almost all body fluids. In the past decades, EVs had shown great potential in clinical and pharmaceutical applications as nanocarriers. Nevertheless, knowledge about the features of individual EVs (composition, physical, and chemical characteristics) is still at the infancy because of the technical challenges to purify and analyze the various subpopulations of EVs. In this part, a comprehensive overview of electrokinetically driven methods for isolation, enrichment, and characterization of EVs is presented. In addition, this book chapter also critically discusses here the pros and cons of the different instrumental and methodological developments for electrokinetic strategies applied to EVs.