肠-脑轴
中枢神经系统
肠道菌群
背景(考古学)
氧化应激
免疫系统
神经科学
内分泌系统
神经系统
生物
自主神经系统
肠神经系统
免疫学
内分泌学
激素
古生物学
血压
心率
作者
Teresa Gervasi,Giuseppina Mandalari
标识
DOI:10.2174/0113816128264312231101110307
摘要
Abstract: This review highlights the relationships between gastrointestinal microorganisms and the brain. The gut microbiota communicates with the central nervous system through nervous, endocrine, and immune signalling mechanisms. Our brain can modulate the gut microbiota structure and function through the autonomic nervous system, and possibly through neurotransmitters which directly act on bacterial gene expression. In this context, oxidative stress is one the main factors involved in the dysregulation of the gut-brain axis and consequently in neurodegenerative disorders. Several factors influence the susceptibility to oxidative stress by altering the antioxidant status or free oxygen radical generation. Amongst these, of interest is alcohol, a commonly used substance which can negatively influence the central nervous system and gut microbiota, with a key role in the development of neurodegenerative disorder. The role of “psychobiotics” as a novel contrast strategy for preventing and treating disorders caused due to alcohol use and abuse has been investigated.
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