脂质体
费斯特共振能量转移
渗透压
聚乙二醇
背景(考古学)
生物物理学
原位
PEG比率
纳米技术
体外
材料科学
渗透性休克
化学
生物
生物化学
物理
光学
古生物学
有机化学
基因
荧光
财务
经济
作者
Wenbo Zhang,Luca Bertinetti,Efe Cuma Yavuzsoy,Changyou Gao,Emanuel Schneck,Peter Fratzl
标识
DOI:10.1002/adhm.202202373
摘要
Physical forces are important cues in determining the development and the normal function of biological tissues. While forces generated by molecular motors have been widely studied, forces resulting from osmotic gradients have been less considered in this context. A possible reason is the lack of direct in situ measurement methods that can be applied to cell and organ culture systems. Herein, novel kinds of resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based liposomal sensors are developed, so that their sensing range and sensitivity can be adjusted to satisfy physiological osmotic conditions. Several types of sensors are prepared, either based on polyethylene glycol- (PEG)ylated liposomes with steric stabilization and stealth property or on crosslinked liposomes capable of enduring relatively harsh environments for liposomes (e.g., in the presence of biosurfactants). The sensors are demonstrated to be effective in the measurement of osmotic pressures in pre-osteoblastic in vitro cell culture systems by means of FRET microscopy. This development paves the way toward the in situ sensing of osmotic pressures in biological culture systems.
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