Alkalinization and precipitation characteristics of 0.2% ropivacaine

罗哌卡因 碳酸氢钠 碳酸氢盐 医学 局部麻醉剂 麻醉 生物利用度 降水 麻醉剂 甘露醇 药理学 色谱法 化学 内科学 生物化学 气象学 物理化学 物理
作者
P D Fulling
出处
期刊:Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine [BMJ]
卷期号:25 (5): 518-521 被引量:45
标识
DOI:10.1053/rapm.2000.8931
摘要

Alkalinization of local anesthetics has been used to increase the speed of onset of nerve blocks. However, alkalinization of local anesthetic solutions may cause precipitation, thereby decreasing bioavailability and anesthetic activity. Alkalinization of ropivacaine has not been described. This laboratory study assessed the alkalinization and precipitation characteristics of ropivacaine.Aliquots (2 mL) of commercially available ropivacaine (Naropin, 0.2%; Astra Pharmaceutical, Westborough, MA) were alkalinized with increasing amounts (0.01, 0.02, 0.04 mL) of sodium bicarbonate (8.4%) and immediately monitored for pH change and onset of visible precipitation at room temperature. We then alkalinized ropivacaine with sodium bicarbonate and measured the amount of precipitate that accumulated after various incubation times.The pH of ropivacaine increases with the addition of small amounts of bicarbonate. The calculated percentage of nonionized ropivacaine increased from 0.3% to greater than 30% with alkalinization from pH of 5.51 to 7.63. Drug loss to precipitation increased with higher doses of bicarbonate, reaching 25% to 30% of the total ropivacaine. Even with a low dose of bicarbonate (0.1 mL bicarbonate/20 mL ropivacaine), precipitation increased with time of incubation, reaching a plateau at 20 minutes.A laboratory evaluation that establishes the alkalinization characteristics of ropivacaine is a prerequisite for designing a clinical study of alkalinized ropivacaine. In our experiment, low doses of bicarbonate produced significant increases in the proportion of nonionized ropivacaine with only modest precipitation. There would be a low likelihood of substantial drug precipitation if the mixture was administered within 5 to 10 minutes after alkalinization. These results indicate that alkalinized ropivacaine should not be used for infusions and that ropivacaine should not be alkalinized until just before use.
最长约 10秒,即可获得该文献文件

科研通智能强力驱动
Strongly Powered by AbleSci AI
更新
PDF的下载单位、IP信息已删除 (2025-6-4)

科研通是完全免费的文献互助平台,具备全网最快的应助速度,最高的求助完成率。 对每一个文献求助,科研通都将尽心尽力,给求助人一个满意的交代。
实时播报
刚刚
1秒前
王莉完成签到,获得积分20
2秒前
orixero应助852采纳,获得20
2秒前
量子星尘发布了新的文献求助10
2秒前
旷野发布了新的文献求助20
5秒前
没有蛀牙发布了新的文献求助10
6秒前
然然完成签到,获得积分10
6秒前
传奇3应助Richard采纳,获得10
6秒前
8秒前
sky发布了新的文献求助10
10秒前
奋斗绿旋完成签到,获得积分10
11秒前
科研通AI5应助3s采纳,获得10
12秒前
12秒前
13秒前
王莉关注了科研通微信公众号
13秒前
13秒前
llll发布了新的文献求助10
13秒前
xi完成签到,获得积分10
15秒前
15秒前
15秒前
小二郎应助hyr采纳,获得10
15秒前
CipherSage应助青水采纳,获得30
16秒前
感动的薄荷完成签到,获得积分10
18秒前
高高黄豆完成签到,获得积分10
18秒前
乌云发布了新的文献求助10
18秒前
ttttt完成签到,获得积分10
19秒前
太叔明辉发布了新的文献求助10
19秒前
20秒前
Coral.发布了新的文献求助10
21秒前
ttttt发布了新的文献求助10
21秒前
Akim应助科研通管家采纳,获得10
21秒前
小马甲应助科研通管家采纳,获得10
21秒前
传奇3应助科研通管家采纳,获得10
21秒前
小二郎应助科研通管家采纳,获得10
21秒前
Rondab应助科研通管家采纳,获得10
22秒前
科目三应助科研通管家采纳,获得10
22秒前
完美世界应助科研通管家采纳,获得10
22秒前
CipherSage应助科研通管家采纳,获得10
22秒前
wy.he应助科研通管家采纳,获得10
22秒前
高分求助中
A new approach to the extrapolation of accelerated life test data 1000
Picture Books with Same-sex Parented Families: Unintentional Censorship 700
ACSM’s Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription, 12th edition 500
Nucleophilic substitution in azasydnone-modified dinitroanisoles 500
不知道标题是什么 500
Indomethacinのヒトにおける経皮吸収 400
Phylogenetic study of the order Polydesmida (Myriapoda: Diplopoda) 370
热门求助领域 (近24小时)
化学 材料科学 医学 生物 工程类 有机化学 生物化学 物理 内科学 纳米技术 计算机科学 化学工程 复合材料 遗传学 基因 物理化学 催化作用 冶金 细胞生物学 免疫学
热门帖子
关注 科研通微信公众号,转发送积分 3976210
求助须知:如何正确求助?哪些是违规求助? 3520366
关于积分的说明 11203088
捐赠科研通 3256965
什么是DOI,文献DOI怎么找? 1798570
邀请新用户注册赠送积分活动 877738
科研通“疑难数据库(出版商)”最低求助积分说明 806516