Stable, self-healing hydrogels from nanofibrillated cellulose, poly(vinyl alcohol) and borax via reversible crosslinking

乙烯醇 硼砂 自愈水凝胶 纤维素 材料科学 化学工程 氢键 肿胀 的 高分子化学 复合材料 聚合物 化学 有机化学 分子 工程类 原材料
作者
Steven Spoljaric,Arto Salminen,Nguyen Dang Luong,Jukka Seppälä
出处
期刊:European Polymer Journal [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:56: 105-117 被引量:275
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2014.03.009
摘要

Hydrogels were prepared by blending nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC), poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and borax. NFC was incorporated to alter the non-Newtonian behaviour and flow properties of the PVA–borax crosslinked system. The hybrid hydrogels maintained their shape and form under low stress, indicating enhanced material stability. Furthermore, hydrogels exhibited self-healing ability, being able to be broken apart and re-formed manually into a single continuous piece without additional external stimuli. This behaviour was attributed to the break-down and reformation of hydrogen bonds within the hydrogel. NFC fibrils contributed towards enhancing gel content and retarding swelling, essentially restricting segmental motion and water penetration. Increasing borax content had a similar effect due to closer PVA chain proximity and higher crosslink density. Compressive mechanical properties were enhanced with additions of up to 40 wt% NFC and increased borax concentrations, while creep was retarded due to the influence of NFC on flow and viscosity and greater chain restrictions via crosslinking at increased borax loadings. Both PVA:borax complexes (crosslinking) and hydrogen bonding contribute to the mechanical performance of the hydrogels. Concentrations of NFC above 40 wt% diminished structural properties, due to the nanofibrils preventing effective crosslinking and disrupting the network structure of the hydrogels.
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