Workforce and earnings management: Evidence in the Brazilian capital market

盈余管理 增加物 劳动力 激励 会计 业务 经验证据 收益 利润(经济学) 毛利润 每股收益 盈余质量 劳动经济学 经济 微观经济学 哲学 认识论 经济增长
作者
Marcelo Cardoso Rocha,Antônio Gualberto Pereira,José Sérgio Casé de Oliveira
出处
期刊:Revista Contabilidade & Finanças [University of São Paulo]
卷期号:33 (89): 300-314
标识
DOI:10.1590/1808-057x202113310
摘要

ABSTRACT We aimed to investigate the relationship between workforce [força de trabalho (FT)] and earnings management in the Brazilian capital market and, additionally, identify whether operating activities management is a substitute for management by accruals. Evidence of the effect of the FT on earnings management practice is controversial, sometimes showing an effect on the reduction or smoothing of profit or even no effect. In Brazil, there are no studies that investigate how the intensity of the FT affects the managers’ behavior regarding the manipulation of profit. The research is relevant to the regulatory bodies because it brings empirical evidence of the incentives generated by the pressure of the FT so that the top executives reduce the result of the period, in a substitute way, to the manipulation of the company's operational activities. In addition, it is relevant for users of accounting information, as it demonstrates that the FT influences the recognition of results, affecting the quality of accounting information. The findings may assist regulatory bodies and investors, as it demonstrates that pressure from the FT is an important incentive for decision-making by executives and workers at the operating levels of companies and can support the improvement of labor regulations. Following Pae (2005), we use Jones' modified model (1991) with lagged accruals to detect earnings management. To capture the FT intensity, we employed the proxies presented by Hilary (2006) and a variable calculated from the statement of value added [demonstração do valor adicionado (DVA)]. We analyzed 119 companies listed on the Brazilian stock exchange during the period 2012-2018. It were found that the intensity of the FT negatively influences earnings management by accruals [gerenciamento de resultados por accruals (GRA)], expanding the evidence on the effects of workers' bargaining power on accounting choices.
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