灵活性(工程)
动作(物理)
感知
心理学
背景(考古学)
认知心理学
过程(计算)
控制(管理)
单一制国家
社会心理学
认知
人际交往
计算机科学
认知科学
人工智能
政治学
神经科学
古生物学
物理
操作系统
法学
统计
生物
量子力学
数学
出处
期刊:Advances in motivation science
日期:2015-01-01
卷期号:: 33-67
被引量:173
标识
DOI:10.1016/bs.adms.2015.04.003
摘要
Traditional approaches to action control assume the existence of a more or less unitary control system that struggles with, and serves to overcome action tendencies induced by automatic processes. In this article, I point out that and why these approaches fail to capture the complexity and dynamics of cognitive control. I describe an alternative approach that assumes that control emerges from the interaction of at least two counteracting forces: one system promoting persistence and the maintenance of action goals and another promoting mental and behavioral flexibility. I describe how this interaction might be shaped by various factors, including genetic predisposition, learning, personal experience, and the cultural context, and suggest a simple functional model (the Metacontrol State Model, MSM) that explains how this shaping process works. Then I provide an overview of studies from various fields (including perception, attention, performance monitoring, conflict resolution, creativity, meditation, religion, and interpersonal perception and behavior) that successfully tested predictions from the MSM.
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