Structural and functional diversity of bacterial community in soil treated with the herbicide napropamide estimated by the DGGE, CLPP and r/K-strategy approaches

温度梯度凝胶电泳 生物 物种丰富度 微生物种群生物学 微生物 生态型 人口 细菌 生物多样性 生态学 农学 植物 16S核糖体RNA 人口学 遗传学 社会学
作者
Mariusz Cycoń,Anna Markowicz,Zofia Piotrowska‐Seget
出处
期刊:Applied Soil Ecology [Elsevier]
卷期号:72: 242-250 被引量:27
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.07.015
摘要

Napropamide is one of the most commonly used herbicide in agricultural practice and can exhibit toxic effect to soil microorganisms. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to examine the genetic and functional diversity of microbial communities in soil treated with napropamide at field rate (FR, 2.25 mg kg−1 of soil) and 10 times the FR (10 × FR, 22.5 mg kg−1 of soil) by the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and the community level physiological profile (CLPP) methods. In addition, the r/K-strategy approach was used to evaluate the effect of this herbicide on the community structure of the culturable soil bacteria. DGGE patterns revealed that napropamide affected the structure of microbial community; however, the richness (S) and genetic diversity (H) values indicated that the FR dosage of napropamide experienced non-significant changes. In turn, the 10 × FR dosage of herbicide caused significant changes in the S and H values of dominant soil bacteria. DGGE profiles suggest an evolution of bacteria capable of degrading napropamide among indigenous microflora. Analysis of the CLPPs indicated that the catabolic activity of microbial community expressed as AWCD (average well-color development) was temporary positively affected after napropamide application and resulted in an increase of the substrate richness (SR) as well as functional biodiversity (H) values. Analysis of the bacterial growth strategy revealed that napropamide affected the r- or K-type bacterial classes (ecotypes). In treated-soil samples K-strategists dominated the population, as indicated by the decreased ecophysiological (EP) index. Napropamide significantly affected the physiological state of culturable bacteria and caused a reduction in the rate of colony formation as well as a prolonged time of growth rate. Obtained results indicate that application of napropamide may poses a potential risk for soil functioning.
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