Conformational changes in a Vernier zone region: Implications for antibody dual specificity

抗体 游标尺 抗原 结合亲和力 对偶(语法数字) 人表皮生长因子受体2 亲缘关系 化学 生物 受体 生物化学 免疫学 遗传学 地图学 地理 艺术 文学类 癌症 乳腺癌
作者
Merve Arslan,Dilara Karadağ,Sibel Kalyoncu
出处
期刊:Proteins [Wiley]
卷期号:88 (11): 1447-1457 被引量:7
标识
DOI:10.1002/prot.25964
摘要

Understanding the determinants of antibody specificity is one of the challenging tasks in antibody development. Monospecific antibodies are still dominant in approved antibody therapeutics but there is a significant body of work to show that multispecific antibodies can increase the overall therapeutic effect. Dual-specific or "Two-in-One" antibodies can bind to two different antigens separately with the same antigen-binding site as opposed to bispecifics, which simultaneously bind to two different antigens through separate antigen-binding units. These nonstandard dual-specific antibodies were recently shown to be promising for new antibody-based therapeutics. Here, we physicochemically and structurally analyzed six different antibodies of which two are monospecific and four are dual-specific antibodies derived from monospecific templates to gain insight about dual-specificity determinants. These dual-specific antibodies can target both human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 and vascular endothelial growth factor at different binding affinities. We showed that a particular region of clustered Vernier zone residues might play key roles in gaining dual specificity. While there are minimal intramolecular interactions between a certain Vernier zone region, namely LV4 and LCDR1 of monospecific template, there is a significant structural change and consequently close contact formation between LV4-LCDR1 loops of derived dual-specific antibodies. Although Vernier zone residues were previously shown to be important for humanization applications, they are mostly underestimated in the literature. Here, we also aim to resurrect Vernier zone residues for antibody engineering efforts.
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