达帕格列嗪
糖异生
内分泌学
内科学
胰高血糖素
磷酸烯醇丙酮酸羧激酶
化学
肾
生物
肾葡萄糖重吸收
胰岛素
生物化学
2型糖尿病
糖尿病
酶
新陈代谢
医学
作者
Jin Hee Kim,Hae Young Ko,Hye Jin Wang,Hyangkyu Lee,Mijin Yun,Eun Seok Kang
摘要
Abstract Aims To investigate the effect of dapagliflozin, a sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, on renal gluconeogenesis in vitro , ex vivo and in vivo . Materials and methods We treated HK‐2 cells (human renal proximal tubule cells) and mouse primary renal proximal tubule cells with dapagliflozin, and evaluated the process of renal gluconeogenesis. We also examined the effect of dapagliflozin on renal gluconeogenesis in normoglycaemic and hyperglycaemic mice. Results Dapagliflozin enhanced renal gluconeogenesis in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo . It increased phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), glucose‐6‐phosphatase (G6Pase), peroxisome proliferative activated receptor‐gamma co‐activator 1α (PGC‐1α) and phosphorylated cyclic‐AMP response element binding protein (CREB) expression and decreased phosphorylated Forkhead Box O1 (FOXO1) expression in HK‐2 cells, mouse primary renal proximal tubule cells, and the mouse renal cortex. Glutamine enhanced the gluconeogenic effect of dapagliflozin in HK‐2 cells. Also, dapagliflozin increased 14 C‐glutamine utilization in HK‐2 cells. Glucagon did not affect dapagliflozin‐induced enhancement in renal gluconeogenesis in HK‐2 cells. SGLT2 gene knockdown with siRNA resulted in an increase of gluconeogenic gene expression and associated transcription factors in HK‐2 cells. Dapagliflozin reduced fasting plasma glucose levels and improved oral glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance in high‐fat diet‐fed hyperglycaemic mice, although renal gluconeogenesis was enhanced. Conclusions Dapagliflozin increased levels of gluconeogenic enzyme in the renal cortex and consequently increased renal gluconeogenesis, which is mediated by SGLT2 inhibition.
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