炎症
免疫系统
炎症性肠病
巨噬细胞
平衡
免疫学
巨噬细胞极化
医学
生物
疾病
细胞生物学
病理
遗传学
体外
作者
Tamara Cristina Moreira Lopes,David M. Mosser,Ricardo Gonçalves
标识
DOI:10.1007/s00011-020-01398-y
摘要
Gut homeostasis is a process that requires a prudent balance of host responses to the beneficial enteric microbial community and the pathogenic stimuli that can arise. The lack of this balance in the intestine can result in inflammatory bowel diseases, where the immune system dysfunctions leading to exacerbated inflammatory responses. In this process, macrophages are considered to play a pivotal role. In this review, we describe the important role of macrophages in maintaining intestinal homeostasis and we discuss how altered macrophage function may lead to inflammatory bowel diseases. The plasticity of macrophages during the gut inflammatory response shows the broad role of these cells in orchestrating not only the onset of inflammation but also its termination as well as healing and repair. Indeed, the state of macrophage polarization can be the key factor in defining the resolution or the progression of inflammation and disease. Here, we discuss the different populations of macrophages and their implication in development, propagation, control and resolution of inflammatory bowel diseases.
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