Nanobiomaterials for neural regenerative medicine

Abstract The nervous system which controls our body consists of two parts, namely central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Usually, CNS-related injuries cause very serious complications such as neurodegenerative diseases that affect the brain and spinal cord. Unfortunately, these injuries are generally incomprehensible. Obtaining the successful therapeutics for full functional neural healing is difficult because of the complexity of the CNS and the inevitable environment for cell translation around the lesion site. New approaches such as nanomaterial-based technologies offer a great promise to heal the neurodegenerative diseases. These technologies play a vital role in both detection and treatment of these kinds of diseases. In this chapter, important biomaterials and their roles for neural degenerative diseases were discussed.