The status and stability of permafrost carbon on the Tibetan Plateau

永久冻土 土壤碳 环境科学 热岩溶 气候变化 碳汇 活动层 全球变暖 大气科学 自然地理学 地球科学 气候学 土壤科学 地质学 土壤水分 地理 海洋学 有机化学 化学 薄膜晶体管 图层(电子)
作者
Cuicui Mu,Benjamin W. Abbott,A. J. Norris,Mei Mu,Chengyan Fan,Xu Chen,Jia Lin,Ruimin Yang,Tingjun Zhang,Kang Wang,Xiaoqing Peng,Qingbai Wu,Georg Guggenberger,Xiaodong Wu
出处
期刊:Earth-Science Reviews [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:211: 103433-103433 被引量:233
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.earscirev.2020.103433
摘要

Permafrost regions at high latitudes and altitudes store about half of the Earth's soil organic carbon (SOC). These areas are also some of the most intensely affected by anthropogenic climate change. The Tibetan Plateau or Third Pole (TP) contains most of the world's alpine permafrost, yet there remains substantial uncertainty about the role of this region in regulating the overall permafrost climate feedback. Here, we review the thermal and biogeochemical status of permafrost on the TP, with a particular focus on SOC stocks and vulnerability in the face of climate warming. SOC storage in permafrost-affected regions of the TP is estimated to be 19.0±6.6 Pg to a depth of 2 m. The distribution of this SOC on the TP is strongly associated with active layer thickness, soil moisture, soil texture, topographic position, and thickness of weathered parent material. The mean temperature sensitivity coefficient (Q10) of SOC decomposition is 9.2±7.1 across different soil depths and under different land-cover types, suggesting that carbon on the TP is very vulnerable to climate change. While the TP ecosystem currently is a net carbon sink, climate change will likely increase ecosystem respiration and may weaken or reverse the sink function of this region in the future. Although the TP has less ground ice than high latitude permafrost regions, the rugged topography makes it vulnerable to widespread permafrost collapse and thermo-erosion (thermokarst), which accelerates carbon losses. To reduce uncertainty about SOC quantities and sensitivity to warming, future studies are needed that explain variation in Q10 (e.g. based on SOC source or depositional position) and quantify the role of nutrient availability in regulating SOC dynamics and ecosystem recovery following disturbance. Additionally, as for the high latitude permafrost region, soil moisture and thermokarst formation remain major challenges to predicting the permafrost climate feedback on the TP. We present a conceptual model for of greenhouse gas release from the TP and outline the empirical observations and modeling approaches needed to test it.
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