材料科学
纳米技术
储能
石墨烯
碳纤维
超级电容器
电容器
电极
电化学储能
电化学
多孔性
电化学能量转换
3D打印
复合数
复合材料
化学
电气工程
工程类
电压
物理
物理化学
功率(物理)
量子力学
作者
Yu Song,Tianyu Liu,Fang Qian,Cheng Zhu,Bin Yao,Eric B. Duoss,Christopher M. Spadaccini,Marcus A. Worsley,Yat Li
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.jcis.2017.07.081
摘要
Three-dimensional (3D) carbon-based materials are emerging as promising electrode candidates for energy storage devices. In comparison to the 1D and 2D structures, 3D morphology offers new opportunities in rational design and synthesis of novel architectures tailor-made for promoting electrochemical performance. The capability of building hierarchical porous structures with 3D configuration can significantly advance the performance of energy storage devices by simultaneously enhancing the ion-accessible surface area and ion diffusion. This feature article presents an overview of recent progress in design, synthesis and implementation of 3D carbon-based materials as electrodes for electrochemical capacitors. Synthesis methodologies of four types of 3D carbon-based electrodes: 3D exfoliated carbon structures, 3D graphene scaffolds, 3D hierarchical porous carbon foams, as well as 3D architectures with periodic pores derived from direct ink writing, are thoroughly discussed and highlighted with selected experimental works. Finally, key opportunities and challenges in which different 3D carbons can significantly impact the energy storage and conversion communities will be provided.
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