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Potential Impact of Treatment with Inotuzumab Ozogamicin on Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy in Children with Relapsed or Refractory Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Blinatumoab公司 医学 卡奇霉素 嵌合抗原受体 内科学 白细胞清除术 推车 肿瘤科 免疫学 白血病 胃肠病学 免疫疗法 抗体 癌症 淋巴细胞白血病 干细胞 川地34 生物 遗传学 机械工程 工程类
作者
Valeria Ceolin,Erica Brivio,Susan R. Rheingold,Allison Barz Leahy,Britta Vormoor,Maureen M. O’Brien,Jeremy D. Rubinstein,Krzysztof Kałwak,Barbara De Moerloose,Elad Jacoby,Peter Bader,José Luís Fuster,Franco Locatelli,Peter M. Hoogerbrugge,Friso Calkoen,C. Michel Zwaan
出处
期刊:Blood [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:138 (Supplement 1): 3824-3824 被引量:3
标识
DOI:10.1182/blood-2021-146556
摘要

Abstract Background: Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cells targeting CD19 (CART-19) have shown promising efficacy for relapsed/refractory (R/R) B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL). The ELIANA trial leading to market authorization of tisagenlecleucel excluded prior therapy with monoclonal antibodies. Blinatumomab prior to CART-19 seems associated with a higher risk of early failure (Pillai, Blood Advances 2019). Inotuzumab ozogamicin (InO) is an anti-CD22 antibody conjugated to calicheamicin. InO as bridging therapy to CART-19 (n=11) was associated with a shorter overall survival (OS) (Dourthe, Leukemia 2021). InO given prior to leukapheresis might impact on the quality of T-cells collected and, when used as bridging, could result in insufficient CD19 positive (CD19+) antigen load and affect CAR T-cell expansion. We report on a cohort of children and young adults with R/R BCP-ALL treated with InO prior to CART-19 infusion. Methods: Data of patients (pts) treated with CART-19 after InO given at any time before and/or after apheresis, irrespective of other anti-leukemic treatments, were collected using a standardized Case Report Form. The study was approved by the ethics committee of the UMC Utrecht (MvdL/is/21/500393) Results: Thirty-nine pts were treated in 10 centers and received CART-19 between July 2016 and April 2021. Thirty-four received commercial tisagenlecleucel and 5 academic products. Median age was 13 years (range 1-23); 25 were male. Four pts (10.3%) had received a prior CART-19 infusion and 15 (38%) blinatumomab, 18 (46%) had been previously transplanted. All pts received at least two doses of InO (range 2-12); 12 before apheresis only (median time 48 days (range 13-560) between last InO dose and apheresis); 27 as bridging therapy (median time 52 days (range 16-257) from last InO dose to CART-19 infusion), including 5 who had also received InO before apheresis. At time of the infusion, 22 pts were in complete remission (CR) (<5% marrow blasts) including 10 with negative minimal residual disease (MRD; <0.01% by flow or <10 -4 by PCR). In all pts receiving InO prior to apheresis viable CART products were manufactured. One product was out-of-specification due to insufficient interferon-γ, but a subsequent production fulfilled release criteria. At day 28 (d28) post infusion 35/39 were in CR (89.7%), of whom 31 (88.6%) were also MRD negative. Four pts (10.3%) did not achieve CR: 3/4 were not in CR at the time of the infusion; all of them received InO as bridging within 2 months before the infusion. With a median follow-up of 12.5 months (range 1-50) after CART-19 infusion, 12-month event free survival (EFS) was 59% (95% confidence interval (CI) [42.0-76.0]) and OS was 79.5% (95% CI [64.6-94.4]). There was no significant difference in OS/EFS between pts who received blinatumomab and InO prior to CART-19 infusion (n=15) and those who received InO only (n=24) (p=0.61 and p=0.37, respectively). Sixteen pts (45.7%) relapsed at median 163 days (range 28-655) after CART-19 infusion; 7/16 (43.8%) had a CD19+ relapse (median 287 days; range 28-655), 8/16 (50.0%) had a CD19 negative (CD19-) relapse (median 163 days; range 136-273) (1 status unknown). There was no significant difference in 12-month OS/EFS between pts who received InO before apheresis or as bridging (OS 83.3% vs 77.8%, p=0.50; EFS 58.3% vs 59.3%, p=0.62); and no difference in d28 MRD response (p=0.57) or incidence of CD19+ or CD19- relapses (p=0.48) between the 2 groups. Twelve of the 35 pts in CR at d28 (34.2%) lost BCA, median 92 days after CART-19 infusion (range 29−294) (1 data not available); 7/12 relapsed, 5/7 with CD19+ relapse. Among the 35 responders, 5/12 pts who received InO before harvesting lost BCA (1 data not available) vs 7/23 pts who received InO as bridging. There was no significant difference in 12-month EFS between pts who received CART-19 with low CD19 burden at start of lymphodepletion chemotherapy (MRD <10 -4 and BCA, n=6) compared to the rest of the population (p=0.30). Conclusion: InO as a bridging strategy to CAR T-19 does not seem to result in inferior response when EFS/OS are compared to published data (Maude, NEJM 2018; Pasquini, Blood Adv, 2020). The ITCC/IntReALL-059 study will treat very high risk first relapsed BCP-ALL pts (very early relapse or presence of TP53 mutation and/or deletion, hypodiploidy, t(1;19)/t(17;19), KTM2A/AF4) with InO reinduction followed by CART, given the poor prognosis with current strategies. Disclosures O'Brien: Jazz: Honoraria; Pfizer: Honoraria, Research Funding. Jacoby: NOVARTIS: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Locatelli: Amgen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Novartis: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Miltenyi: Speakers Bureau; Medac: Speakers Bureau; Jazz Pharamceutical: Speakers Bureau; Takeda: Speakers Bureau. Zwaan: SANOFI: Consultancy; NOVARTIS: Consultancy; ROCHE: Consultancy; INCYTE: Consultancy; PFIZER: Consultancy, Research Funding; JAZZ: Other: travel funding, Research Funding; BMS: Research Funding; Abbvie: Research Funding.

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