中性粒细胞胞外陷阱
免疫
存水弯(水管)
免疫学
细胞外
中性粒细胞
先天免疫系统
微生物学
传染病(医学专业)
生物
病毒学
炎症
医学
免疫系统
细胞生物学
疾病
地理
病理
气象学
作者
Zahra Azimzadeh Tabrizi,Arezou Khosrojerdi,Saeed Aslani,Maryam Hemmatzadeh,Farhad Babaie,Amir Bairami,Navid Shomali,Ramin Hosseinzadeh,Roghaiyeh Safari,Hamed Mohammadi
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.micpath.2021.105066
摘要
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are networks of extracellular chromosomal DNA fibers, histones, and cytoplasmic granule proteins. The release of NET components from neutrophils is involved in the suppression of pathogen diffusion. Development of NETs around target microbes leads to disruption of the cell membrane, eventuating in kind of cell death that is called as NETosis. The very first step in the process of NETosis is activation of Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase upon signaling by innate immune receptors. Afterwards, produced Reactive oxygen species (ROS) trigger protein-arginine deiminase type 4, neutrophil elastase, and myeloperoxidase to generate decondensed chromatin and disrupted integrity of nuclear membrane. Subsequently, decondensed chromatin is mixed with several enzymes in the cytoplasm released from granules, leading to release of DNA and histones, and finally formation of NET. Several reports have indicated that NETosis might contribute to the immune responses through limiting the dissemination of microbial organisms. In this review, we discuss recent advances on the role of neutrophils, NETs, and their implications in the pathogenesis of microbial infections. Additionally, the prospective of the NET modulation as a therapeutic strategy to treat infectious diseases are clarified.
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