电化学
电池(电)
法拉第效率
阳极
电解质
硫黄
钠
离子液体
化学工程
碳纤维
材料科学
阴极
储能
氧化还原
无机化学
钠离子电池
纳米颗粒
化学
电极
纳米技术
复合数
有机化学
催化作用
功率(物理)
物理
物理化学
量子力学
复合材料
工程类
冶金
作者
Shuya Wei,Shaomao Xu,Akanksha Agrawral,Snehashis Choudhury,Yingying Lü,Zhengyuan Tu,Lin Ma,Lynden A. Archer
摘要
Abstract High-energy rechargeable batteries based on earth-abundant materials are important for mobile and stationary storage technologies. Rechargeable sodium–sulfur batteries able to operate stably at room temperature are among the most sought-after platforms because such cells take advantage of a two-electron-redox process to achieve high storage capacity from inexpensive electrode materials. Here we report a room-temperature sodium–sulfur battery that uses a microporous carbon–sulfur composite cathode, and a liquid carbonate electrolyte containing the ionic liquid 1-methyl-3-propylimidazolium-chlorate tethered to SiO 2 nanoparticles. We show that these cells can cycle stably at a rate of 0.5 C (1 C=1675, mAh g −1 ) with 600 mAh g −1 reversible capacity and nearly 100% Coulombic efficiency. By means of spectroscopic and electrochemical analysis, we find that the particles form a sodium-ion conductive film on the anode, which stabilizes deposition of sodium. We also find that sulfur remains interred in the carbon pores and undergo solid-state electrochemical reactions with sodium ions.
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