黄斑变性
地理萎缩
背景(考古学)
脉络膜新生血管
医学
氧化应激
失明
生物信息学
神经科学
生物
心理学
眼科
验光服务
内科学
古生物学
作者
Francesco Buonfiglio,Christina A. Korb,Bernhard Stoffelns,Norbert Pfeiffer,Adrian Gericke
标识
DOI:10.14336/ad.2024.0124
摘要
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a prevalent degenerative disorder of the central retina, which holds global significance as the fourth leading cause of blindness. The condition is characterized by a multifaceted pathophysiology that involves aging, oxidative stress, inflammation, vascular dysfunction, and complement activation. The complex interplay of these factors contributes to the initiation and progression of AMD. Current treatments primarily address choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in neovascular AMD. However, the approval of novel drug therapies for the atrophic and more gradual variant, known as geographic atrophy (GA), has recently occurred. In light of the substantial impact of AMD on affected individuals' quality of life and the strain it places on healthcare systems, there is a pressing need for innovative medications. This paper aims to provide an updated and comprehensive overview of advancements in our understanding of the etiopathogenesis of AMD. Special attention will be given to the influence of aging and altered redox status on mitochondrial dynamics, cell death pathways, and the intricate interplay between oxidative stress and the complement system, specifically in the context of GA. Additionally, this review will shed light on newly approved therapies and explore emerging alternative treatment strategies in the field. The objective is to contribute to the ongoing dialogue surrounding AMD, offering insights into the latest developments that may pave the way for more effective management and intervention approaches.
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