病毒学
水泡性口炎病毒
接种疫苗
医学
中和抗体
病毒
传输(电信)
免疫学
减毒疫苗
2019年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)
病毒释放
冠状病毒
生物
疾病
传染病(医学专业)
内科学
毒力
生物化学
电气工程
工程类
基因
作者
Shen Wang,Huan Cui,Cheng Zhang,Wujian Li,Weiqi Wang,Wenwen He,Na Feng,Yongkun Zhao,Tiecheng Wang,Xiao-Qing Tang,Feihu Yan,Xianzhu Xia
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.antiviral.2023.105765
摘要
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) seriously threatens public health safety and the global economy, which warrant effective prophylactic and therapeutic approaches. Currently, vaccination and establishment of immunity have significantly reduced the severity and mortality of COVID-19. However, in regard to COVID-19 vaccines, the broad-spectrum protective efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 variants and the blocking of virus transmission need to be further improved. In this study, an optimum oral COVID-19 vaccine candidate, rVSVΔG-Sdelta, was selected from a panel of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)-based constructs bearing spike proteins from different SARS-CoV-2 strains. After chitosan modification, rVSVΔG-Sdelta induced both local and peripheral antibody response, particularly, broad-spectrum and long-lasting neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 persisted for 1 year. Cross-protection against SARS-CoV-2 WT, Beta, Delta, BA.1, and BA.2 strains was achieved in golden hamsters, which presented as significantly reduced viral replication in the respiratory tract and alleviated pulmonary pathology post SARS-CoV-2 challenge. Overall, this study provides a convenient, oral-delivered, and effective oral mucosal vaccine against COVID-19, which would supplement pools and facilitate the distribution of COVID-19 vaccines.
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