Numerical Simulation of CO2 Used for Slag Splashing Process in Converter

Utilizing CO 2 for the slag splashing process presents a novel approach that enhances CO 2 utilization in the steel industry and promotes efficient slag splashing. Herein, numerical simulation is employed to investigate the kinetic feasibility of this technique on a 100 t converter. The volume of fluid (VOF) model is utilized to trace the gas–slag interface, while the standard k – ε model is selected to describe the turbulent flow of each phase. Initially, the model is validated via isentropic theory and experimental data. Subsequently, the effects of gas and oxygen lance replacement are evaluated. The results indicate that employing CO 2 solely instead of N 2 leads to a reduction in jet velocity and slag mass flow rates at different positions. However, the utilization of the innovative oxygen lance slows down the jet decay and increases the slag mass flow rate at various heights and sidewalls, except for the lower cone, resulting in a satisfactory slag splashing performance. The present study verifies the feasibility of this new technology and its potential to contribute to CO 2 reduction in the industry positively.