Construction of cabazitaxel-loaded nanocellulose-clocked mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles for enhanced lung cancer therapy

Open-pore channels, accessible interior regions, and larger pore volumes of mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles (MONs) have demonstrated considerable promise in drug delivery for lung cancer therapy. Nevertheless, drug leakage and early drug release are frequently caused by the mesoporous nature of MONs. In this instance, biocompatible and pH-responsive nanocarriers for the efficient distribution of cabazitaxel (CTX) were fabricated using cellulose nanocrystal (CN) and polydopamine (PD) coated MONs (CTX@MONs-CN/PD). CN encapsulation ensured effective drug release from MONs at the tumor sites while preventing drug leakage. PD, a biocompatible molecule that increases cell adhesion and achieves the stimuli-response drug release, was placed as an external coating. The MONs displays great cellular uptake and acid-responsive release characteristics; at pH 5.5, the cumulative drug release may reach up to 80.59% in 85 h. CTX@MONs-CN/PD has a 14-fold more significant apoptotic impact than the control group. The cytotoxicity of the lung cancer cells (A549 and H1299) investigation displayed that CTX@MONs-CN/PD was more efficient than other free groups in A549 and H1299 cells, with less toxicity in HUVECs. CTX@MONs-CN/PD increased ROS levels, which resulted in apoptosis. The morphological features were examined by acridine orange and ethidium bromide (AO-EB) Flow cytometric analysis used Annexin V-FITC and propidium iodide (PI) to explore the mechanism of apoptosis induction. The CN-coated drug delivery system is an intriguing option for effective and regulated drug release in lung cancer therapy.