Microbial contamination risk of landfilled waste with different ages

污染 鲍曼不动杆菌 抵抗性 肠沙门氏菌 城市固体废物 基因组 生物 抗生素耐药性 环境科学 微生物学 沙门氏菌 细菌 抗生素 铜绿假单胞菌 整合子 生态学 基因 生物化学 遗传学
作者
Hui Cai,Qiang Yu,Bing Liu,Min Zhu,Yuyang Long,Dongsheng Shen
出处
期刊:Waste Management [Elsevier]
卷期号:170: 297-307 被引量:4
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.wasman.2023.09.021
摘要

Landfills are reservoirs of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and pathogens, and humans are exposed to these pollutants during extensive excavation of old landfills. However, the microbial contamination risk of landfilled waste with different ages has not been assessed. In this study, human bacterial pathogens (HBPs), ARGs, and virulence factors (VFs) were systematically determined using metagenomic analysis. Results showed that the abundance of HBPs, ARGs, and VFs increased with landfill age, the percentage of HBPs in refuse with deposit age of 10-12 years (Y10) was 23.75 ± 0.49%, which was higher than that in fresh refuse (Y0, 17.99 ± 0.14%) and refuse with deposit age of 5-6 years (Y5, 19.14 ± 0.15%), indicating that old refuse had higher microbial contamination risk than fresh refuse. Multidrug, macrolide, lincosamide, streptogramine, and tetracycline resistance genes were the primary ARGs, whereas lipooligosaccharides, type IV pili, and polar flagella were the dominant VFs in refuse. The HBPs showed a significant positive correlation with ARGs and VFs. Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella enterica, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Escherichia coli possibly possess both multiple ARGs and VFs and could be listed as high-risk HBPs in refuse. Mobile genetic elements, especially transposons, showed positive correlations with most ARGs and VFs, and they were identified as the primary factors accounting for the variations in ARGs and VFs. These findings will help understand the spread of ARGs and VFs in landfills and evaluate the potential risk of microbiological contamination in refuse of different landfill ages, thus providing guidance for preventing disease infection during landfill excavations.
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