Options for Pediatric Pulmonary Valves

Right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) reconstruction has always been a concern for congenital heart surgeons, especially options for the connection. Homografts, aortic or pulmonary xenografts, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) valved conduits, and so on have been applied over the 40 years, whereas reoperation remains a threat. Kim and colleagues1 reported their results with >9 years of follow-up using 2 self-trimmed fan-shaped PTFE membranes as pulmonary valves in a cohort study of 119 patients.