Investigation of Internal Thermal Distribution in Inverted Perovskite Solar Cell and Improvement of its Heat Dissipation Performance

Abstract COMSOL Multiphysics software was used to construct a numerical opto-electro-thermal coupling model to investigate the mechanisms of internal heat generation, conduction, and dissipation in inverted (p-i-n architecture) perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The research results indicate that Joule heating and Shockley-Read-Hall (SRH) recombination are the primary sources of heat, leading to significant accumulation of heat at the interfaces between the perovskite and the electron transport layer (ETL), as well as between the ETL and the electrode. This concentration of heat not only affects the performance of the device but also poses challenges for overall thermal management. Therefore, we compared four different top electrode materials (Ag, Cu, Al, and reduced graphene oxide) to assess their performance in terms of heat dissipation efficiency. The results showed that reduced graphene oxide (RGO) performed exceptionally well in heat dissipation efficiency, primarily due to its high thermal conductivity, which enables it to effectively reduce heat accumulation at the interfaces, thereby improving performance of PSCs. This finding provides important material selection criteria for optimizing the thermal management of PSCs.