Oxidized Soybean Oil Evoked Hepatic Fatty Acid Metabolism Disturbance in Rats and their Offspring

The oxidation of fats and oils is an undisputed subject of science, given the effect of oxidized fats and oils on food quality and safety. This study aimed to determine whether maternal exposure to oxidized soybean oil (OSO) causes lipid metabolism disorders in the liver and whether this lipid metabolism disorder can be transmitted to offspring or even worsened. A total of 60 female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided randomly into four groups in this study. Treatment groups received a pure diet of OSO with a peroxide value of 200, 400, or 800 mEqO2/kg, while the control group received fresh soybean oil (FSO). As for our results, OSO affected serum biochemical parameters in the maternal generation (F0) and induced liver histopathology changes, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Moreover, the expression of genes related to the liver X receptor α (LXRα)─sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) signaling pathway was changed. Similar trends were found in the livers of offspring on postnatal days 21 and 56. In conclusion, exposure to OSO during gestation and lactation can affect liver lipid synthesis. Additionally, it is detrimental to the development of the offspring's liver, affecting fatty acid metabolism and causing liver damage.