Surgical Treatment of Hydatid Cyst of Lung; An Experience at Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar

Objective: To evaluate the surgical treatment options for hydatid cyst and their outcomes. Study Design: Cross-sectional analytical research. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Surgery of Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, from Jan 2017 to Dec 2020. Methodology: Patients diagnosed and treated for hydatid cyst with pulmonary echinococcosis and operated were included. Inhospital as well as hospital records of 180 patients including intact and complicated cysts ranging from 1-20cm in size that were extirpated and included. Patients diagnosed and treated for hydatid cyst having incomplete medical record and /or lost to follow up were excluded. SPSS version 25.0 was used for data analysis. Quantitative variables were reported using mean and standard deviation while qualitative variables through frequency and percentages. Independent students’ t-test and Fisher’s exact test was used for comparing between the surgical technique groups keeping p-value <0.05 as statistically significant. Results: Mean age of patients was 38.59±12.51 years. Mean duration of hospital stay was 11.3±6.1 days. Mean pain on VAS postoperatively was 4.92±2.66. About 102(56.67%) of included patients were male while 78(43.33%) females. Cough was reported in 84(46.67%) of patients, chest pain in 103(57.22%), fever in 24(13.33%), purulent sputum in 31(17.22%), allergic reaction in 17(9.44%), hemoptysis in 4(2.22%) while 29(16.11%) were asymptomatic. About 58% of cases underwent cystotomy and capitonnage, 17% enucleation and capitonnage while 12% pericystectomy, 4% cystotomy and wedge resection and segmentectomy respectively, 3% lobectomy and pneumonectomy in 2% of cases. Conclusion: Every surgical approach reported varied outcomes, however the best efficacy with least morbidity and mortality was observed in patients undergoing cystotomy and capitonnage.