Evaluating the accessibility and equity of urban health resources based on multi-source big data in high-density city

Previous studies have focused more on the accessibility and equity of single-type facilities for urban health, limited in comprehensive assessment of multi-type facilities and ignored the complexity of urban system. This study takes the first attempt to explicitly defined and classified urban health resources considering the active and passive health demands by building a conceptual framework. An integrated approach framework, including the global collaborative location quotient (GCLQ), the Gaussian 2SFCA method and Gini coefficients, were constructed to evaluate the proximity, complementarity, accessibility and equity of multi-tiered healthy resources in Guangzhou. In addition, the accessibility associated with the socioeconomic characteristics were explored by the local correlation model and further explained by the Mann-Whitney U test. The results showed that significant differences in spatial access to various health resources. The diversity types could enhance the complementarity of health resources and promote comprehensive equity, but groups with low economic levels enjoyed less access to health resources. This study contributes to the international literature on health-seeking behaviors from the perspective of active and passive demands and employing advanced geospatialmodeling methods. Through accurate identification of spatial barriers for health, the findings could provide valuable suggestions for the healthy and sustainable development of high-density population cities.