The relationship between caffeine and its metabolites and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women: a cross-sectional analysis from the NHANES database

We aim to explore the association between caffeine and its metabolites and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women. Data of 4286 postmenopausal women were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database in 2009-14 in this cross-sectional study. Weighted linear regression and stepwise regression analyses were used to screen the covariates. Weighted univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were used to explore the associations between caffeine and its metabolites and BMD. The evaluation index was estimated value (