Multiscale modeling of liquid jet breakup in crossflow using an Eulerian/Lagrangian approach

Liquid atomization is a very complex issue, involving multiple length and time scales over several orders of magnitude. To better understand the atomization characteristics of the main injection in a lean premix prevaporize (LPP) combustor, a volume of fluid (VOF)–particle conversion algorithm Lagrangian particle tracking (LPT) coupled approach was proposed to simultaneously reproduce the primary and secondary breakup processes. A VOF model with an adaptive mesh refinement strategy was used to resolve the liquid disintegration on a large scale. The small liquid structures qualified as droplets were transformed into discrete particles based on particle conversion criteria. Next, these particles were tracked using the LPT method to simulate the secondary breakup process. The proposed coupled method used in the Eulerian/Lagrangian framework was validated against liquid jet in crossflow experimental data. The numerical results achieved good agreement with the experimental data. Finally, the proposed method was used to predict the atomization characteristics of the main injection in an LPP combustor under various aerodynamic conditions. Qualitative and quantitative information about liquid deformation and spray characteristics were obtained, which varied depending on the aerodynamic parameters.