DSC Derived (Ea & ΔG) Energetics and Aggregation Predictions for mAbs

The Arrhenius energy of activation of unfolding Ea unfolding and Gibbs free energy of unfolding ΔG unfolding have been calculated utilizing DSC differential scanning calorimetry for 4 mAbs (1 biosimilar) in 3 formulations. DSC derived ΔTm melting temperature changes for each mAb domain (CH2, Fab, CH3) at calorimetric scan rates at 60°C, 90°C, 150°C and 200°C / hr. were utilized to calculate the kinetic Ea unfolding. The DSC derived Ea trend with observed aggregate formation and can be used to predict %HMW formation post 9-month storage at 5°C and 40°C for all formulations analyzed. Additionally, thermodynamic ΔG unfolding energies were also derived (Tm, ΔCp and ΔH measurements) for each mAb at every scan rate to observe scan rate dependence of ΔG and for extrapolation to 0°C/hr. (to report ΔG at true equilibrium conditions). Both derived thermodynamic ΔG and kinetic Ea energies were combined to build full energetic landscapes for mAb unfolding and aggregation. Statistical multivariate analysis of kinetic (Ea CH2, Ea Fab, Ea CH3) energies, thermodynamic (ΔG5°C and ΔG40°C) energies and in-silico modeled surface properties was also performed. Analysis revealed key significant parameters contributing to aggregation. These parameters were utilized to build predictive aggregation models for 25 mg/mL mAb formulations stored 9-months at 5°C and 40°C.