Unveiling the Power of Epigenetics in Seed Dormancy and Germination

Germination is the process by which a seed absorbs water and begins to grow, eventually emerging as a seedling. Seed dormancy and germination are crucial stages in the life cycle of a plant, determining its ability to survive and reproduce. These processes are influenced by a complex interplay of genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors. Recent advances in the field of epigenetics have revealed that changes in gene expression associated with these processes are not solely driven by genetic alterations, but are also regulated by epigenetic modifications. These modifications, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and small RNA pathways, play pivotal roles in regulating seed dormancy, germination, and post-germination growth. This paper highlights the latest findings in the role of epigenetic regulation in seed dormancy and germination, exploring the mechanisms involved and the potential for leveraging epigenetic knowledge for crop improvement and sustainable agriculture. Additionally, we will highlight the potential of manipulating epigenetic modifications to improve seed quality and crop yield.