The effects of rutin flavonoid supplement on glycemic status, lipid profile, atherogenic index of plasma, brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), some serum inflammatory, and oxidative stress factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial

Abstract This study aimed to investigate the effects of rutin flavonoid in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. In this trial (double‐blind, placebo‐controlled), 50 T2DM patients (supplement, n = 25 and placebo, n = 25) were randomized and supplemented with 500 mg rutin or placebo per day for 3‐months. At the beginning and at the end of the study, metabolic parameters including fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMO‐IR), quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI), homeostasis model assessment of β‐cell function (HOMA‐β), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (CHOL), high‐density and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐c and LDL‐c), and atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), inflammatory and oxidative stress markers such as interleukin 6 (IL‐6), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and malondialdehyde (MDA) and brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were assessed. The results showed a significant decrease in FBG, insulin, HbA1c, HOMO‐IR, LDL‐c, TG, VLDL, CHOL, LDL‐c.HDL‐c ratio, AIP, IL‐6, and MDA and a significant increase in HDL‐c, QUICKI index, BDNF, and TAC compared with the initial value ( p for all <.05). In the adjusted model, the mean changes of FBG, insulin, HbA1c, HOMO‐IR, LDL‐c, CHOL, LDL.HDL ratio, AIP, MDA, and IL‐6 were significantly lower and mean changes of QUICKI index, HDL‐c, and TAC were significantly higher in the rutin group compared with the placebo group (adjusted p for all <.05). It seems that rutin may have beneficial effects on improving metabolic parameters, BDNF, and inflammatory and oxidative stress factors in T2DM patients.