Fluid-structure interaction analysis of large-span air-supported membrane structures under typhoon conditions

Air-supported membrane structures, lauded for their flexibility and ease of construction, find increasing applications in large-span projects. However, their susceptibility to wind-induced damage, particularly under gusty conditions, necessitates advanced analysis techniques to ensure structural integrity. This paper introduces a bidirectional coupled fluid-structure interaction (FSI) method for large-span air-supported membrane structures, integrating a cable net and surrounding fluid domain. The method employs a two-way FSI coupling scheme, utilizing large eddy simulation for fluid dynamics and membrane-wire models for the solid structure, enhancing both accuracy and computational efficiency. A geometric model of an air-supported membrane coal shed was developed, and its dynamic response under typhoon conditions was simulated. In situ measurement data, including displacement, pressure, and cable strain, recorded during a typhoon event, were compared with numerical simulation results to validate the proposed FSI framework. Key findings reveal significant vertical displacement at the middle top of the structure, with obvious fluctuations on windward and leeward sides. Wind suction loads and cable strain measurements exhibit distinct patterns, with the highest pressures and cable strains observed on the windward side. This research bridges a critical gap in applying FSI analysis to practical engineering scenarios, offering a validated approach for designing and constructing large-span air-supported membrane structures resistant to wind-induced damage.