Navigating the landscape of immune checkpoint inhibitors and novel immunotherapies in melanoma: long-term outcomes, progress, and challenges

Personalized care with integration of novel prognostic and predictive biomarkers is the way forward in tailoring not only patient selection and choice of therapy, but also duration of treatment and surveillance to allow for early recurrence detection and access to newer therapies such as tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) to maximize the curative fraction of melanoma patients. Further research is needed in optimizing ICI and other immunotherapy toxicity management, including reducing steroid exposure for better patient outcomes and preserving quality of life.