State of the art and prospectives of heterogeneous photocatalysts based on metal–organic frameworks (MOFs): design, modification strategies, and their applications and mechanisms in photodegradation, water splitting, and CO2reduction

We review the design of MOFs as heterogeneous photocatalysts, analysing research on their use in water pollutant degradation, water splitting and CO 2 reduction. Advantages and disadvantages of MOFs-based photocatalysts, catalytic mechanisms and future research are evaluated.