Paraconulones A–G: Eremophilane Sesquiterpenoids from the Marine-Derived Fungus Paraconiothyrium sporulosum DL-16

Seven new eremophilane sesquiterpenoids, paraconulones A-G (1-7), along with three previously reported analogues, periconianone D (8), microsphaeropsisin (9), and 4-epi-microsphaeropsisin (10), were obtained from an EtOAc extract of the marine-derived fungus Paraconiothyrium sporulosum DL-16. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic and spectrometric analyses, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and computational studies. Compounds 1, 2, and 4 are the first examples of dimeric eremophilane sesquiterpenoids coupled through a C-C bond identified from microorganisms. Compounds 2-5, 7, and 10 showed inhibitory effects on lipopolysaccharide-induced NO production in BV2 cells, which were comparable to the positive control curcumin.