电渗析
废水
超滤(肾)
纳滤
环境科学
海水淡化
膜技术
废物管理
电镀
重新使用
絮凝作用
镍
水处理
制浆造纸工业
环境工程
膜
化学
材料科学
冶金
色谱法
纳米技术
工程类
生物化学
图层(电子)
作者
Magdalena Lech,Oliwia Gala,Karolina Helińska,Katarzyna Kołodzińska,Hanna Konczak,Łukasz Mroczyński,Eliza Siarka
摘要
Nowadays, electroplating plants are factories that use huge amounts of water in the coating process of anti-corrosion layers. They are required to decrease the heavy metal content to very low values before releasing the post-process water into the aquatic environment. They very often decrease their content using coagulation combined with flocculation. However, these processes are often not effective enough, and the concentration of a given metal does not reach a satisfactory low level. The use of membrane techniques to purify this type of wastewater leads to a reduction in the content of heavy metals, including nickel, to zero values. This allows for not only reducing the negative impact on the aquatic environment but also a step toward more conscious management of water resources—namely, the reuse of water in the electroplating process. The following review not only describes the membrane methods used to treat the wastewater considered, e.g., nanofiltration, ultrafiltration, or electrodialysis, but also shows the directions of development of these processes.
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