A Mix of Probiotic Strains Prevents Hepatic Steatosis, and Improves Oxidative Stress Status and Gut Microbiota Composition in Obese Mice

Scope The gut microbiota plays a role in fat accumulation and energy homeostasis. Therefore, probiotic supplementation may improve metabolic parameters and control body weight. Methods and results In this study, mice are fed either a high‐fat diet (HFD) or an HFD supplemented with oral gavage of a mixture of three probiotic strains, Bifidobacterium lactis Lafti B94, Lactobacillus plantarum HA‐119, and Lactobacillus helveticus Lafti L10 for 7 weeks. It finds that probiotic supplementation modulates body weight gain, food energy efficiency, and fat accumulation caused by the HFD. This probiotic mix prevents liver damage and lipid metabolic disorders in HFD‐fed obese mice. The probiotic supplementation significantly downregulates the expression of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin‐1β, tumor necrosis factor‐α, and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the liver and upregulated catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and nuclear respiratory factor 1 (Nrf1) expression. Mice supplemented with the probiotic mix also show different microbiota compositions, with an increase in Clostridia_UCG‐014 and Lachnospiraceae_nk4a136_group and a decrease in the Dubosiella genus compared with those in mice fed only an HFD. Finally, the amounts of fecal pentanoic acid and the three bile acid species increase in mice with probiotic supplementation. Conclusion Treatment with a combination of a mixture of three probiotic strains, B. lactis Lafti B94, L. plantarum HA‐119, and L. helveticus Lafti L10 for 7 weeks, ameliorates the effects of HFD induced obesity in mice.